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QUESTION NO:35
Which command will define a VRF with name ‘CCIE’ in IPv6?
A. ip vrf CCIE
B. ipv6 vrf CCIE
C. vrf definition CCIE
D. ipv6 vrf definition CCIE
Answer: C
Explanation:
QUESTION NO:17
Which three combinations are valid LACP configurations that will set up a channel? (Choose
three.)
A. On/On
B. On/Auto
C. Passive/Active
D. Desirable/Auto
E. Active/Active
F. Desirable/Desirable
Answer: A,C,E
Explanation:
QUESTION NO:26
Refer to the exhibit.
Why is AS 65333 in parentheses?
A. It is an external AS.
B. It is a confederation AS.
C. It is the AS of a route reflector.
D. It is our own AS.
E. A route map has been applied to this route.
F. The BGP next hop is unreachable.
Answer: B
Explanation:
QUESTION NO:16
In 802.1s, how is the VLAN to instance mapping represented in the BPDU?
A. The VLAN to instance mapping is a normal 16-byte field in the MST BPDU.
B. The VLAN to instance mapping is a normal 12-byte field in the MST BPDU.
C. The VLAN to instance mapping is a 16-byte MD5 signature field in the MST BPDU.
D. The VLAN to instance mapping is a 12-byte MD5 signature field in the MST BPDU.
Answer: C
Explanation:
MST Configuration and MST Region
Each switch running MST in the network has a single MST configuration that consists of these
three attributes:
1. An alphanumeric configuration name (32 bytes)
2. A configuration revision number (two bytes)
3. A 4096-element table that associates each of the potential 4096 VLANs supported on the
chassis to a given instance.
In order to be part of a common MST region, a group of switches must share the same
configuration attributes.
It is up to the network administrator to properly propagate the configuration throughout the region.
Currently, this step is only possible by the means of the command line interface (CLI) or through
Simple Network
Management Protocol (SNMP). Other methods can be envisioned, as the IEEE specification does
not explicitly mention how to accomplish that step.
Note: If for any reason two switches differ on one or more configuration attribute, the switches are
part of different regions. For more information refer to the Region Boundary section of this
document.
Region Boundary
In order to ensure consistent VLAN-to-instance mapping, it is necessary for the protocol to be able
to exactly identify the boundaries of the regions. For that purpose, the characteristics of the region
are included in the BPDUs. The exact VLANs-to-instance mapping is not propagated in the BPDU,
because the switches only need to know whether they are in the same region as a neighbor.
Therefore, only a digest of the VLANs-toinstance mapping table is sent, along with the revision
number and the name. Once a switch receives a BPDU, the switch extracts the digest (a
numerical value derived from the VLAN-to-instance mapping table through a mathematical
function) and compares this digest with its own computed digest. If the digests differ, the port on
which the BPDU was received is at the boundary of a region.
In generic terms, a port is at the boundary of a region if the designated bridge on its segment is in
a different region or if it receives legacy 802.1d BPDUs. In this diagram, the port on B1 is at the
boundary of region A, whereas the ports on B2 and B3 are internal to region B:
MST Instances
According to the IEEE 802.1s specification, an MST bridge must be able to handle at least these
two instances:
One Internal Spanning Tree (IST)
One or more Multiple Spanning Tree Instance(s) (MSTIs)
The terminology continues to evolve, as 802.1s is actually in a pre-standard phase. It is likely
these names will change in the final release of 802.1s. The Cisco implementation supports 16
instances: one IST (instance 0) and 15 MSTIs.
show vtp status
Cisco switches “show vtp status” Field Descriptions has a MD5 digest field that is a 16-byte
checksum of the
VTP configuration as shown below
Router# show vtp status
VTP Version: 3 (capable)
Configuration Revision: 1
Maximum VLANs supported locally: 1005
Number of existing VLANs: 37
VTP Operating Mode: Server
VTP Domain Name: [smartports]
VTP Pruning Mode: Disabled
VTP V2 Mode: Enabled
VTP Traps Generation: Disabled
MD5 digest : 0x26 0xEE 0x0D 0x84 0x73 0x0E 0x1B 0x69
Configuration last modified by 172.20.52.19 at 7-25-08 14:33:43
Local updater ID is 172.20.52.19 on interface Gi5/2 (first layer3 interface fou)
VTP version running: 2
Reference
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk389/tk621/technologies_white_paper09186a0080094cfc.shtml
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios-xml/ios/lanswitch/command/lsw-cr-book.pdf
QUESTION NO:37
Which command can be used on a PE router to connect to a CE router (11.1.1.4) in VRF red?
A. telnet 11.1.1.4 /vrf-source red
B. telnet 11.1.1.4 source /vrf red
C. telnet 11.1.1.4 /source vrf red
D. telnet 11.1.1.4 /vrf red
E. telnet 11.1.1.4 vrf red
Answer: D
Explanation:
Telnetting can be done through the VRF using the Management Ethernet interface. In the
following example, the router telnets to 172.17.1.1 through the Management Ethernet interface
VRF:
Router# telnet 172.17.1.1 /vrf Mgmt-intf
Reference
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/routers/asr1000/configuration/guide/chassis/Management_Ether
net.html
QUESTION NO:43
Which two multicast address ranges are assigned as source-specific multicast destination
addresses and are reserved for use by source-specific applications and protocols? (Choose two.)
A. 232.0.0.0/8
B. 239.0.0.0/8
C. 232.0.0.0/4
D. FF3x::/32
E. FF2x::/32
F. FF3x::/16
Answer: A,D
Explanation: Source-specific multicast (SSM) is a method of delivering multicast packets in which
the only packets that are delivered to a receiver are those originating from a specific source
address requested by the receiver. By so limiting the source, SSM reduces demands on the
network and improves security.
SSM requires that the receiver specify the source address and explicitly excludes the use of the (*,
G) join for all multicast groups in RFC 3376, which is possible only in IPv4’s IGMPv3 and IPv6’s
MLDv2.
Source-specific multicast is best understood in contrast to any-source multicast (ASM). In the
ASM service model a receiver expresses interest in traffic to a multicast address. The multicast
network must
1. discover all multicast sources sending to that address, and
2. route data from all sources to all interested receivers.
This behavior is particularly well suited to groupware applications where
1. all participants in the group want to be aware of all other participants, and
2. the list of participants is not known in advance.
The source discovery burden on the network can become significant when the number of sources
is large.
In the SSM service model, in addition to the receiver expressing interest in traffic to a multicast
address, the receiver expresses interest in receiving traffic from only one specific source sending
to that multicast address.
This relieves the network of discovering many multicast sources and reduces the amount of
multicast routing information that the network must maintain.
SSM requires support in last-hop routers and in the receiver’s operating system. SSM support is
not required in other network components, including routers and even the sending host. Interest in
multicast traffic from a specific source is conveyed from hosts to routers using IGMPv3 as
specified in RFC 4607.
SSM destination addresses must be in the ranges 232.0.0.0/8 for IPv4 or FF3x::/96 for IPv6.
Reference
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source-specific_multicast
QUESTION NO:6
Why would a rogue host that is running a DHCP server on a campus LAN network present a
security risk?
A. It may allocate IP addresses from an unknown subnet to the users.
B. All multicast traffic can be sniffed by using the DHCP multicast capabilities.
C. The CPU utilization of the first hop router can be overloaded by exploiting DHCP relay open
ports.
D. A potential man-in-the-middle attack can be used against the clients.
Answer: D
Explanation:
QUESTION NO:32
Which two tunneling techniques support IPv6 multicasting? (Choose two.)
A. 6to4
B. 6over4
C. ISATAP
D. 6PE
E. GRE
Answer: B,E
Explanation:
When IPv6 multicast is supported (over a 6to4 tunnel), an IPv6 multicast routing protocol must be
used
Restrictions for Implementing IPv6 Multicast
IPv6 multicast for Cisco IOS software uses MLD version 2. This version of MLD is fully backward-
compatible with MLD version 1 (described in RFC 2710). Hosts that support only MLD version 1
will interoperate with a router running MLD version 2. Mixed LANs with both MLD version 1 and
MLD version 2 hosts are likewise supported.
IPv6 multicast is supported only over IPv4 tunnels in Cisco IOS Release 12.3(2)T, Cisco IOS
Release 12.2
(18)S, and Cisco IOS Release 12.0(26)S.
When the bidirectional (bidir) range is used in a network, all routers in that network must be able to
understand the bidirectional range in the bootstrap message (BSM).
IPv6 multicast routing is disabled by default when the ipv6 unicast-routing command is configured.
On Cisco Catalyst 6500 and Cisco 7600 series routers, the ipv6 multicast-routing also must be
enabled in order to use IPv6 unicast routing
Reference http://www.cisco.com/web/about/ac123/ac147/ac174/ac197/
about_cisco_ipj_archive_article09186a00800c830a.html
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios/ipv6/configuration/guide/ip6-multicast.html
https://supportforums.cisco.com/thread/183386
QUESTION NO:50
What is Phantom RP used for?
A. it is used for load balancing in bidirectional PIM
B. it is used for redundancy in bidirectional PIM
C. it is used for redundancy in PIM-SM
D. it is used for load balancing in PIM-SM
Answer: B
Explanation:
Phantom RP
In Bidirectional PIM (Bidir-PIM), the RP does not have an actual protocol function. The RP acts as
a routing vector in which all the traffic converges. The RP can be configured as an address that is
not assigned to any particular device called a Phantom RP. This means that the RP address does
not need to reside on a physical router interface, but can just be an address in a subnet. The RP
can also be a physical router, but it is not necessary.
Reference
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/iosswrel/ps6537/ps6552/whitepaper_c11-508498.html
QUESTION NO:24
Refer to the exhibit.
R1 is not learning about the 172.16.10.0 subnet from the BGP neighbor R2 (209.165.202.130).
What can be done so that R1 will learn about this network?
A. Disable auto-summary on R2.
B. Configure an explicit network command for the 172.16.10.0 subnet on R2.
C. Subnet information cannot be passed between IBGP peers.
D. Disable auto-summary on R1.
Answer: B
Explanation:
By default, BGP does not accept subnets redistributed from IGP. To advertise and carry subnet
routes in BGP, use an explicit network command or the no auto-summary command. If you disable
auto-summarization and have not entered a network command, you will not advertise network
routes for networks with subnet routes unless they contain a summary route.
Reference
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios/11_3/np1/command/reference/1rbgp.html
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